Kinghome Electronics

News Center

All Categories >

Home page

How to plan the lines according to different functional modules in the design of automotive wiring harness?

2024

How to plan the lines according to different functional modules in the design of automotive wiring harness?

Author:

1. Functional module analysis and classification

In the design of automotive wiring harness, the different functional modules of the car must be analyzed and classified in detail first. There are many functional modules of the car, including power system, electronic control system, lighting system, comfort system and infotainment system. The power system mainly involves the control and power transmission of components such as the engine and transmission, and has high requirements for the current carrying capacity and stability of the line. Electronic control systems such as the engine control unit (ECU) and the body stability control system require accurate and fast signal transmission, and the line planning should focus on electromagnetic compatibility. The line planning of the lighting system needs to consider the distribution and control method of the light to ensure the lighting needs in different scenarios. The comfort system includes seat adjustment, air conditioning, etc., and its lines should ensure the reliable realization of comfort functions while taking into account the convenience of wiring. The infotainment system focuses on high-quality audio and video signal transmission, and the line planning should prevent signal interference. Through the in-depth analysis of these functional modules, the foundation for subsequent line planning is laid.

2. Line layout principles based on functional requirements

According to the requirements of different functional modules, the line layout should follow specific principles. For power system modules with high current requirements, thicker wires should be used to reduce resistance and heat generation. At the same time, these lines should be as short as possible to reduce energy loss. The lines of the electronic control system should be kept at a certain distance from the high-power lines to avoid electromagnetic interference. Twisted pair or shielded wires can be used to transmit sensitive signals to ensure the accuracy of the signals. The line layout of the lighting system should be reasonably arranged according to the location of the lamps. For example, the headlight line should consider the front structure of the vehicle to ensure safe and efficient power supply. The comfort system line can be laid along the interior panels or seat frames in the car to facilitate the connection of various components. The lines of the infotainment system should be centrally planned, and the audio and video lines should be integrated using devices such as junction boxes to ensure signal quality.

3. Line connection and interface design

Line planning also needs to pay attention to connection and interface design. The connection points between different functional modules are the key to line planning. When designing interfaces, the versatility and standardization of interfaces should be considered to facilitate production, assembly and maintenance. For example, the interface between the power system and the electronic control system should ensure the stable transmission of high current and control signals, and use waterproof, dustproof and good contact plugs and sockets. For lines shared by multiple functional modules, such as power lines, reasonable branches and distribution points should be designed to distribute power to different modules through devices such as fuse boxes or relays. At the same time, the scalability of the line should be considered at the connection point to reserve space for subsequent functional upgrades or improvements.

4. Optimization and verification process

After the line planning is completed, it needs to be optimized and verified. Through computer-aided design (CAD) software and simulation tools, the electromagnetic compatibility, current distribution, signal transmission, etc. of the line are simulated and analyzed. According to the simulation results, possible problems are optimized, such as adjusting the line direction, changing the wire specifications, or adding electromagnetic shielding measures. In the actual prototype manufacturing process, real vehicle testing is also required to check whether the line meets the needs of each functional module, whether there are interference, short circuit or signal transmission errors. Through multiple optimizations and verifications, the wiring harness line planning that meets the needs of different functional modules of the car is finally determined.

None

How effective is Photovoltaic Cable in protecting against electromagnetic interference?

None

How effective is Photovoltaic Cable in protecting against electromagnetic interference?